Architecture of carved rhythm

What is a gamelan?

Apa itu gamelan&nbp;?

Qu'est-ce un gamelan&nbp;?
  1. Outline
  2. Visual description
  3. Aural description
  4. Gamelan in its context

Gamelan in its context

Is it a primitive music ?

Imagine a people who uses not plates or cutlery for eating but banana leaves and the hands, who has no paper for writing but simple palm leaves that perish in the humidity of the tropic, who knows no chairs and tables, where men and women are stripped to the waist.

Imagine still that the same people cooks sophisticated dishes, enjoys an ancient yet lively literature, sculpts wonders out of wood, uses complex techniques to produce textiles of a no less complex symbolism.

And above all their music ! How to imagine that without string, wind, or voice, without scores and without theory, mere peasants could produce a music so rich, so beautiful, of more complex rhythms than those intended for our ears ?

To aid our imagination, we have to make our way to the confines of Asia, in tropical territory, on the islands of Java and Bali. Comes then a question with regard to their inhabitants, the Javanese or the Balinese : this people is it finally primitive or advanced ? After consulting the Balinese and their civilization, we realize that they are foreign to this kind of dilemma. They show us that primitiveness and progress have never been incompatible.

And their music proves that to our ears. Listening to this music is a real discovery. It invites our ears to venture beyond our old taken for granted principles and to appreciate an original civilization.

Their Conservatoire, it's the eternal rhythm of the sea, the wind among the leaves and a thousand small sounds to which they listened carefully, without ever consulting arbitrary treatises.

…, Javanese music is based on a type of counterpoint by comparison with which that of Palestrina is mere child's play. And if one listens, without European prejudice, to the charm of their “ percussion ”, one must confess that ours is only a country fair racket.
Claude Debussy, French composer

Even if today the economical, social and political context has changed, gamelan does stem from the environment described above.

Music of a civilisation

Gamelans relate to a musical world that is complete in itself, a developed music, of ancient origin, having local styles and variations. It belongs to the culture where it is born and does not rely on any recent cultural importation. Its features, very much different from European harmony, Middle Eastern monody or Chinese heterophony, make of it an original and fascinating music. It has everything so as to offer us the most disconcerting rhythmic structures.

Music of the gamelan deserves a place at the sides of the world's other great music traditions such as the European, the Arabic, the Chinese, the Black or the Latin-American.

The origins of this type of orchestra and of its music are obscure. It is all about an oral tradition, there are no written records that can give us clues about its history. This musical tradition does not base itself either on composers' or performers' names. This music is the work of communities and not of personalities. In a gamelan, the player likes to integrate into the ensemble's generality, to merge into the harmony of the synchronized rhythms. One just has to see a gamelan in the full of its action : it is played by several people and no player is distinguished from the others or has a more important role than the rest. Anonymity is natural in a music that demands to be many for playing it. Stars and fashions are only waves that appear and disappear in this ocean of art that has no beginning nor end.

Gamelan music, or gamelan, is part of a culture where there is no such thing as art for art, activity set apart from the others. Here, sculpture, music, painting are like a kind of talent of everyone and an embellishment that impregnates with each activity. Music is inseparable from the social organization, from the religion and from the other arts. It is especially close to dance and other performing arts. There is no separation between amateur and professional, classical and new, ritual and entertaining.

Drama, dance, birth, wedding, death, exorcism, harvest, leisure, reception are as many occasions of playing gamelan. A gamelan is played in a temple, in a palace, in a village common hall, in the shade of a banyan, along a lane or at the beach during a procession and also, today, in theaters, schools and studios.



 About the site… Date of this page : 9 NOV 2005